The United Kingdom has seen a growing presence of Sharia councils, with reports indicating that there are now 85 Islamic councils operating across the country. These councils primarily handle marriage and divorce rulings, attracting Muslims from Europe and North America who seek religious decisions on family matters.
The Rise of Sharia Councils in the UK
The first Sharia council in Britain was established in 1982, and since then, their numbers have steadily increased. These councils function as informal bodies, issuing religious rulings based on Islamic jurisprudence, which dates back to the 7th to 13th centuries.
One of the concerns raised by secular organizations is that these councils may be creating a parallel legal system, which could undermine the principle of one law for all. The National Secular Society has expressed worries about the impact of these councils on women’s rights, as Islamic divorce proceedings often differ significantly from civil law.
Key Issues and Controversies
- Unregistered Marriages: Reports suggest that over 100,000 Islamic marriages in the UK have not been registered with civil authorities. This can create legal complications, particularly for women seeking divorce.
- Nikah Mut’ah (Pleasure Marriage): Some councils have been accused of promoting temporary marriages, which critics argue could exploit women.
- Polygamy and Inheritance Laws: An application approved by a Sharia court allows Muslim men in England and Wales to select up to four wives from a menu. Additionally, inheritance laws under Sharia often allocate half the amount to daughters compared to sons.
The Debate Over Sharia Influence
While Sharia councils do not have legal authority in the UK, their influence on family matters has sparked debates about religious freedom versus legal uniformity. Some argue that these councils provide essential services for Muslim communities, while others believe they contradict British legal principles.
The discussion around Sharia law in Britain remains complex, with ongoing debates about integration, legal consistency, and human rights.
